Fir’aun (Pharaoh), the tyrant, ruled over the descendants of Ya’qub A (Jacob), who are also known as Bani Israel (Children of Israel) and referred to in the Qur-an with this term at many places.

O Children of Israel! Remember My Favour which I bestowed upon you, and fulfill (your obligations to) My Covenant (with you) so that I fulfill (My Obligations to) your covenant (with Me), and fear none but Me.
Surah (Chapter) al-Baqarah (The Cow) The Qur-an 2:40

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) used every means to suppress, demean and disgrace Bani Israel (Children of Israel). They were held in bondage and forced to work for him as bonded labor and got very little to sustain themselves in return.

People of Egypt worshipped Fir’aun (Pharaoh) as a god.

With time, Fir’aun (Pharaoh) multiplied and somewhat prospered. The magician and the fortune tellers used to hint that some day a man from Bani Israel (Children of Israel) would end the dynastic rule of Fir’aun (Pharaoh).

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) saw a dream that a big burned the houses of the Egyptians, and all Copts, but it did not do harm anyone from Bani Israel (Children of Israel). Upon waking up, he summoned his priests, fortune-tellers and magicians to explain meanings of that dream.
 

They said that since Fir’aun (Pharaoh) was a god, his dream was in fact a vision, which clearly stated that a male child from Bani Israel (Children of Israel) will inflict great harm to them.
 

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) commanded to kill all male children from Bani Israel (Children of Israel). His soldiers mercilessly began slaughtering youth and male children from Bani Israel (Children of Israel). The newborns were not spared either.

The bitchery continued until some wise-men from the court of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) figured out that if the massacre continued, the Egyptians would loose all their slaves or the entire manpower that was responsible of doing all work for the Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and other Egyptians.

The Fir’aun (Pharaoh) revised his command and ordered to slaughter the new born male children from Bani Israel (Children of Israel) in alternate years.

Musa A (Moses)'s mother gave birth to his elder brother Harun A (Aaron) in a year when boys were not to be killed. Harun A (Aaron) remained safe. Musa A (Moses) was born in a year in which boys were to be killed. She kept the news of the birth of Musa A (Moses) a secret.
 

The Birth of Musa A (Moses) is mentioned in the Holy Qur-an.

We recite to you some of the news of Musa (Moses) and Fir'aun (Pharaoh) in truth, for a people who believe (those who believe in this Qur'an, and in the Oneness of Allah).

Verily, Fir'aun (Pharaoh) exalted himself in the land and made its people sects, weakening (oppressing) a group (i.e. Children of Israel) among them, killing their sons, and letting their females live. Verily, he was of the Mufsidun (i.e. those who commit great sins and crimes, oppressors, tyrants, etc.).

And We wished to do a favour to those who were weak (and oppressed) in the land, and to make them rulers and to make them the inheritors

And to establish them in the land, and We let Fir'aun (Pharaoh) and Haman and their hosts receive from them that which they feared.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:3-6

The mother of Musa A (Moses) was scared and always feared for his life when Allah (God) guided her.

And We inspired the mother of Musa (Moses), (saying): "Suckle him [Musa (Moses)], but when you fear for him, then cast him into the river and fear not, nor grieve. Verily! We shall bring him back to you, and shall make him one of (Our) Messengers.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:7

The mother of Musa A (Moses) followed the path shown to her by Allah (God). As commanded, she put Musa A (Moses) in a basket and put the basket in the mighty river Nile. She had complete faith in Allah (God). She knew that her son was chosen by Allah (God) as His Rasul (Messenger) and has promised for his safety and reunion with her.

Because of her motherly love, the mother of Musa A (Moses) asked her daughter to follow the basket.

And she said to his [Musa's (Moses)] sister: "Follow him." So she (his sister) watched him from a far place secretly, while they perceived not.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:11

Some maids from the palace of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) discovered the basket and were thrilled to see a beautiful baby in it. Sister of Musa A (Moses) saw the maids of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) holding the basket.

They took the basket and the baby to Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and his queen. The queen instantly fell in love with the baby and requested Fir’aun (Pharaoh) that she wants to keep him.
 

And the wife of Fir'aun (Pharaoh) said: "A comfort of the eye for me and for you. Kill him not, perhaps he may be of benefit to us, or we may adopt him as a son." And they perceive not (the result of that).

Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:9

The wife of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) adopted Musa A (Moses) as her son and asked for a wet-nurse to suckle him. Many women came for the job but Musa A (Moses) refused to suckle from any of them by the Will of Allah (God).
 

And We had already forbidden (other) foster suckling mothers for him, until she (his sister came up and) said: "Shall I direct you to a household who will rear him for you, and sincerely they will look after him in a good manner?

Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:12

The sister of Musa A (Moses) suggested her mother as a prospective wet-nurse and he began suckling right away. Musa A (Moses)’s mother was appointed as his wet-nurse and she breast-fed him till he weaned. She continued visiting Musa A (Moses) even after he grew up and was being raised as a prince in the palace of Fir’aun (Pharaoh).
 

So did We restore him to his mother, that she might be delighted, and that she might not grieve, and that she might know that the Promise of Allah is true. But most of them know not.

Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:13

Allah (God) appointed Musa A (Moses) as His Rasul (Messenger). He grew up as a strong and wise young man.
 

And when he attained his full strength, and was perfect (in manhood), We bestowed on him Hukman (Prophethood, right judgement of the affairs) and religious knowledge [of the religion of his forefathers i.e. Islamic Monotheism]. And thus do We reward the Muhsinun.

Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:14

He had a soft corner for the weak and the oppressed. Oppressed people always looked up to him for justice.

Once he saw two men, one Egyptian and the other from Bani Israel (Children of Israel), fight over some issue. The Egyptian had an upper hand and was beating the person from from Bani Israel (Children of Israel). The person from Bani Israel (Children of Israel) desperately oleaded for help from Musa A (Moses).
 

And he entered the city at a time of unawareness of its people, and he found there two men fighting, - one of his party (his religion - from the Children of Israel), and the other of his foes. The man of his (own) party asked him for help against his foe, so Musa (Moses) struck him with his fist and killed him. He said: "This is of Shaitan's (Satan) doing, verily, he is a plain misleading enemy.

Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:15

Musa A (Moses) came to his help and hit the Egyptian hard. The Egyptian died because of that severe blow. Musa A (Moses) had no intention of killing that person, but he was extremely remorseful by the incident.  He asked Allah (God) to forgive him for that great sin of killing someone.

He said: "My Lord! Verily, I have wronged myself, so forgive me." Then He forgave him. Verily, He is the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful.

He said: "My Lord! For that with which You have favoured me, I will never more be a helper for the Mujrimun (criminals, disobedient to Allah, polytheists, sinners, etc.)!
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:16-17

Musa A (Moses) was forgiven by Allah (God), but he was apprehensive about the incident as he went to the town the next day after the incident. Musa A (Moses) found the same man whom he had helped the day before, in another fight.

So he became afraid, looking about in the city (waiting as to what will be the result of his crime of killing), when behold, the man who had sought his help the day before, called for his help (again). Musa (Moses) said to him: "Verily, you are a plain misleader!
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:18

Musa A (Moses) knew that the person whom he had helped the day before was a trouble maker. He decided to catch both men who were fighting.

Then when he decided to seize the man who was an enemy to both of them, the man said: "O Musa (Moses)! Is it your intention to kill me as you killed a man yesterday? Your aim is nothing but to become a tyrant in the land, and not to be one of those who do right.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:19

In the meantime someone came to Musa A (Moses) and told him that the city chiefs have come to know about the killing are coming to get you and kill you as their law called for. Killing an Egyptian invited death penalty.

And there came a man running, from the farthest end of the city. He said: "O Musa (Moses)! Verily, the chiefs are taking counsel together about you, to kill you, so escape.Truly, I am to you of those who give sincere advice.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:20

Musa A (Moses) escaped from the scene.

So he escaped from there, looking about in a state of fear. He said: "My Lord! Save me from the people who are Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers)!
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:21

Musa A (Moses) left Egypt immediately and alone without carrying any provision or any animal to ride, and traveled towards Midian, on the way to Syria.

And when he went towards (the land of) Madyan (Midian) he said: "It may be that my Lord guides me to the Right Way.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:22

He traveled for a week during nights and rested during the hot days. Allah (God) saw him through the desert safely. He reached on the outskirts of Midian where shepherds were watering their flocks.

Musa A (Moses) was so exhausted from his travel that he fell under a tree there to rest. His entire body bore marks of his almost impossible journey.

Musa A (Moses) noticed a spring at a little distance from him where shepherds were feeding water to their herds. At a little distance from them, were two shepherd women, who were having difficult time in controlling their herds. They were waiting for the shepherds to move out of the way before they could water their sheep.

It was quite unusual because shepherding was mainly a man’s job and women never did that kind of work. He went there and offered his help.

He found out that those were two sisters whose father was an old man who could not look after his herd of sheep, therefore the girls had to look after it.

And when he arrived at the water of Madyan (Midian) he found there a group of men watering (their flocks), and besides them he found two women who were keeping back (their flocks). He said: "What is the matter with you?" They said: "We cannot water (our flocks) until the shepherds take (their flocks). And our father is a very old man.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:23

Musa A (Moses) offered to water the sheep for them, but when he approached the spring, he noticed that he shepherds had covered the spring with a large rock.

Allah (God) had given Musa A (Moses) immense strength. He was able to remove the stone and water the women’s sheep.

So he watered (their flocks) for them, then he turned back to shade, and said: "My Lord! Truly, I am in need of whatever good that You bestow on me!
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:24

The young shepherd women reached home and told the story to their father. He was very surprised and pleased at the same time. He sent one of his daughters to get Musa A (Moses) to their home so that he may personally thank him.

Then there came to him one of the two women, walking shyly. She said: "Verily, my father calls you that he may reward you for having watered (our flocks) for us." So when he came to him and narrated the story, he said: "Fear you not. You have escaped from the people who are Zalimun (polytheists, disbelievers, and wrong-doers).
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:25

Musa A (Moses) went to their house and found him to be a God fearing man. The old man invited him to live with them. It suited Musa A (Moses) well because he was a total stranger in this land far-away from his place.

One of the daughters of the old shepherd requested him to hire Musa A (Moses) for looking after their sheep.

And said one of them (the two women): "O my father! Hire him! Verily, the best of men for you to hire is the strong, the trustworthy.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:26

The old man also promised Musa A (Moses) to marry one of his daughters to him with some conditions.

He said: "I intend to wed one of these two daughters of mine to you, on condition that you serve me for eight years, but if you complete ten years, it will be (a favour) from you. But I intend not to place you under a difficulty. If Allah will, you will find me one of the righteous.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:27

Musa A (Moses) agreed to the conditions laid out by the old shepherd.

He [Mûsâ (Moses)] said: "That (is settled) between me and you: whichever of the two terms I fulfil, there will be no injustice to me, and Allâh is Surety over what we say.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:28

Musa A (Moses) fulfilled the contract for ten years. This was the time when Allah (God) prepared him for the great responsibility He had bestowed upon him. Ya’qub A (Jacob), the grandson of Ibrahim A (Abraham), was the ancestor of Musa A (Moses). Allah (God) was especially kind to the descendents of Ibrahim A (Abraham) by choosing many from his descendents as His Rusul (Messengers).

Musa A (Moses) always remembered his family back in Egypt. He remembered his brother and sister, his mother and the wife of Fir’aun (Pharaoh), who had lovingly raised him. Musa A (Moses) and his wife were fully aware of the dangers he might face upon returning to Egypt, but they finally decided to undertake that journey.

Musa A (Moses) and his family began that treacherous journey. Somewhere during that trip they lost their way and ended up near Mount Sinai. Musa A (Moses) saw a fire burning on top of the mountain.

Then, when Mûsâ (Moses) had fulfilled the term, and was traveling with his family, he saw a fire in the direction of Tûr (Mount). He said to his family: "Wait, I have seen a fire; perhaps I may bring you from there some information, or a burning fire-brand that you may warm yourselves.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:29

Musa A (Moses) decided to go up the mountain to get some of that fire to keep them warm. As he reached close to the direction of fire, he was in for a unique experience. Allah (God) addressed him.

So when he reached it (the fire), he was called from the right side of the valley, in the blessed place, from the tree: "O Mûsâ (Moses)! Verily I am Allâh, the Lord of the ‘Âlamîn (mankind, jinn and all that exists)!
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:30

Allah (God) gave several miracles to Musa A (Moses) at the Mount Sinai, so that he can get rid of the oppression of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and his people.

And throw your stick!" But when he saw it moving as if it were a snake, he turned in flight, and looked not back. (It was said:) "O Mûsâ (Moses)! Draw near, and fear not. Verily, you are of those who are secure.

Put your hand in your bosom, it will come forth white without a disease; and draw your hand close to your side to be free from the fear (which you suffered from the snake, and also your hand will return to its original state). These are two Burhâns (signs, miracles, evidence, proofs) from your Lord to Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) and his chiefs. Verily, they are the people who are Fâsiqûn (rebellious, disobedient to Allâh).
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 28:31-32

Musa A (Moses) requested Allah (God) to grant him all possible help for the difficult task ahead.

[Mûsâ (Moses)] said: "O my Lord! Open for me my chest (grant me self-confidence, contentment, and boldness).

"And ease my task for me;

"And loose the knot (the defect) from my tongue, (i.e. remove the incorrectness from my speech) [That occurred as a result of a brand of fire which Mûsâ (Moses) put in his mouth when he was an infant]. (Tafsir At-Tabarî).

"That they understand my speech.

 "And appoint for me a helper from my family,

 "Hârûn (Aaron), my brother.

"Increase my strength with him,

"And let him share my task (of conveying Allâh’s Message and Prophethood),

"That we may glorify You much,

"And remember You much,

"Verily You are Ever a Well-Seer of us."

(Allâh) said: "You are granted your request, O Mûsâ (Moses)!

"And indeed We conferred a favour on you another time (before).

"When We inspired your mother with that which We inspired.

 "Saying: ‘Put him (the child) into the Tabût (a box or a case or a chest) and put it into the river (Nile); then the river shall cast it up on the bank, and there, an enemy of Mine and an enemy of his shall take him.’ And I endued you with love from Me, in order that you may be brought up under My Eye.

"When your sister went and said: ‘Shall I show you one who will nurse him?’ So We restored you to your mother, that she might cool her eyes and she should not grieve. Then you did kill a man, but We saved you from great distress and tried you with a heavy trial. Then you stayed a number of years with the people of Madyan (Midian). Then you came here according to the fixed term which I ordained (for you), O Mûsâ (Moses)!

"And I have chosen you, for Myself.

"Go you and your brother with My Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.), and do not, you both, slacken and become weak in My Remembrance.

"Go, both of you, to Fir‘aun (Pharaoh), verily, he has transgressed (all bounds in disbelief and disobedience and behaved as an arrogant and as a tyrant).

"And speak to him mildly, perhaps he may accept admonition or fear (Allâh)."

They said: "Our Lord! Verily we fear lest he should hasten to punish us or lest he should transgress (all bounds against us)."

He (Allâh) said: "Fear not, verily I am with you both, hearing and seeing.

"So go you both to him, and say: ‘Verily, we are Messengers of your Lord, so let the Children of Israel go with us, and torment them not; indeed, we have come with a sign from your Lord! And peace will be upon him who follows the guidance!

"Truly, it has been revealed to us that the torment will be for him who denies [believes not in the Oneness of Allâh, and in His Messengers.], and turns away (from the truth and obedience of Allâh)."
Surah (Chapter) Ta-Ha  The Qur-an 20:25-48

Musa A (Moses) got united with his family after reaching Egypt. After receiving assurance from Allah (God), he did no have any fear of punishment for the murder he had inadvertently committed just before leaving Egypt.

"And they have a charge of crime against me, and I fear they will kill me."

(Allâh) said: "Nay! Go you both with Our Signs. Verily We shall be with you, listening.
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:14-15

Allah (God) commanded Musa A (Moses) to go to Fir’aun (Pharaoh) along with his brother Harun A (Aaron) to deliver His Message. Musa A (Moses) and Harun A (Aaron) went to the court of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and told him that they were Rusul (Messengers) of Allah (God), the Sole Creator and Cherisher of the universe.

"And go both of you to Fir‘aun (Pharaoh), and say: ‘We are the Messengers of the Lord of the ‘Âlamîn (mankind, jinn and all that exists),
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:16

They also asked Fir’aun (Pharaoh) to release Bani Israel (Children of Israel) from his slavery so that they could come with them.

"So allow the Children of Israel to go with us.’ "
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:17

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) recalled the times when he had brought up Musa A (Moses) from his infancy till he became a strong young man.

[Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said [to Mûsâ (Moses)]: "Did we not bring you up among us as a child? And you did dwell many years of your life with us.
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:18

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) also told Musa A (Moses) that he had also committed the most serious crime which he was not punished and now he was asking to release his slaves, in return to all his favors.

Musa A (Moses) replied to Fir’aun (Pharaoh) that he was ignorant at that time, but whatever he is doing now is by the command of Allah (God) who had appointed him and his brother as His Rusul (Messengers).

"And you did your deed, which you did (i.e. the crime of killing a man) while you were one of the ingrates."

Mûsâ (Moses) said: "I did it then, when I was ignorant (as regards my Lord and His Message).

"So I fled from you when I feared you. But my Lord has granted me Hukm (i.e. religious knowledge, right judgement of the affairs and Prophethood), and made me one of the Messengers.

"And this is the past favour with which you reproach me: that you have enslaved the Children of Israel."
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:19-22

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) asked Musa A (Moses) to tell him that who is this lord of the universe? Musa A (Moses) explained to him in plain and simple terms.

Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) said: "And what is the Lord of the ‘Âlamîn (mankind, jinn and all that exists)?"

[Mûsâ (Moses)] said: "The Lord of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them, if you seek to be convinced with certainty."
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:23-24

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) did not like what Musa A (Moses) explained to him, because he considered himself to be a god. He got his courtesans involved in ridiculing Musa A (Moses).

[Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said to those around: "Do you not hear (what he says)?"
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:25

Undeterred, Musa A (Moses) repeated what he had told him before. Fir’aun (Pharaoh) got angry at it and told him that if he did not consider him to be his god, he will get him arrested. Musa A (Moses) told him that he can prove his claim.

[Mûsâ (Moses)] said: "Your Lord and the Lord of your ancient fathers!"

[Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said: "Verily, your Messenger who has been sent to you is a madman!"

[Mûsâ (Moses)] said: "Lord of the east and the west, and all that is between them, if you did but understand!"

[Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said: "If you choose an ilâh (god) other than me, I will certainly put you among the prisoners."

[Mûsâ (Moses)] said: "Even if I bring you something manifest (and convincing)?"

[Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said: "Bring it forth then, if you are of the truthful!"

So [Mûsâ (Moses)] threw his stick, and behold, it was a serpent, manifest.

And he drew out his hand, and behold, it was white to all beholders!
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:26-31

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) dismissed the miracles granted to Musa A (Moses) as cheap magical tricks, and told his advisory group of ministers that he wants to strip them off of their powers by his magical tricks. They advised Fir’aun (Pharaoh) to keep Musa A (Moses) and his brother Harun A (Aaron) in detention while they assemble their group of magician to counter their tricks. Fir’aun (Pharaoh) assembled his band of magicians on an appointed day. The competition began. These magicians fell flat on their very first attempt against the miracle of Allah (God). Magicians of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) became believers of Allah (God) of Musa A (Moses).

Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said to the chiefs around him: "Verily! This is indeed a well-versed sorcerer.

"He wants to drive you out of your land by his sorcery: what is it then that you command?"

They said: "Put him off and his brother (for a while), and send callers to the cities;

"To bring up to you every well-versed sorcerer."

So the sorcerers were assembled at a fixed time on a day appointed.

And it was said to the people: "Are you (too) going to assemble?

"That we may follow the sorcerers [who were on Fir‘aun’s (Pharaoh) religion of disbelief] if they are the winners."

So when the sorcerers arrived, they said to Fir‘aun (Pharaoh): "Will there surely be a reward for us if we are the winners?"

He said: "Yes, and you shall then verily be of those brought near (to myself)."

Mûsâ (Moses) said to them: "Throw what you are going to throw!"

So they threw their ropes and their sticks, and said: "By the might of Fir‘aun (Pharaoh), it is we who will certainly win!"

Then Mûsâ (Moses) threw his stick, and behold, it swallowed up all that they falsely showed!

And the sorcerers fell down prostrate.

Saying: "We believe in the Lord of the ‘Âlamîn (mankind, jinn and all that exists).

"The Lord of Mûsâ (Moses) and Hârûn (Aaron)."
Surah (Chapter) sh-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:34-48

This turn of events shook Fir’aun (Pharaoh), but he put up a brave face. He threatened all those who were influenced by Musa A (Moses). The followers of Musa A (Moses) remained undeterred from their newly found truth and for the first time they defied orders from Fir’aun (Pharaoh).

[Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said: "Believe you in him [Mûsâ (Moses)] before I give you permission? Verily he is your chief who has taught you magic. So I will surely cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides, and I will surely crucify you on the trunks of date-palms, and you shall surely know which of us [I (Fir‘aun - Pharaoh) or the Lord of Mûsâ (Moses) (Allâh)] can give the severe and more lasting torment."

They said: "We prefer you not over what have come to us of the clear signs and to Him (Allâh) Who created us. So decree whatever you desire to decree, for you can only decree (regarding) this life of the world.

"Verily we have believed in our Lord, that He may forgive us our faults, and the magic to which you did compel us. And Allâh is better as regards reward in comparison to your [Fir‘aun’s (Pharaoh)] reward, and more lasting (as regards punishment in comparison to your punishment)."
Surah (Chapter) Ta-Ha The Qur-an 20:71-73

Musa A (Moses) and his brother Harun A (Aaron) left the palace of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) after their initial victory over him.

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) was furious. He could not believe what had struck him. He was worshiped by the Egyptians as a god. This reputation was at stake because of the description and proof of Allah (God) by Musa A (Moses).

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) summoned one his minister Haman and ordered him to construct a high tower that will take him to the Heavens where he could see the God of Musa A (Moses).

And Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) said: "O Hâmân! Build me a tower that I may arrive at the ways -

"The ways of the heavens, and I may look upon the Ilâh (God) of Mûsâ (Moses): But verily, I think him to be a liar." Thus it was made fair-seeming, in Fir‘aun’s (Pharaoh) eyes, the evil of his deeds, and he was hindered from the (Right) Path; and the plot of Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) led to nothing but loss and destruction (for him).
Surah (Chapter) Ghafir (The Forgiving) The Qur-an 40:36-37

Fir'aun (Pharaoh) said: "O chiefs! I know not that you have an ilah (a god) other than me, so kindle for me (a fire), O Haman, to bake (bricks out of) clay, and set up for me a Sarhan (a lofty tower, or palace, etc.) in order that I may look at (or look for) the Ilah (God) of Musa (Moses); and verily, I think that he [Musa (Moses)] is one of the liars.
Surah (Chapter) al-Qasas (The Narration) The Qur-an 40:36

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) was angry at his magicians and other people who had begun believing in Allah, the true God introduced by Musa A (Moses). He warned them of painful death, but they remained steadfast.

Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) said: "You have believed in him [Mûsâ (Moses)] before I give you permission. Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people, but you shall come to know.

"Surely, I will cut off your hands and your feet from opposite sides, then I will crucify you all."

They said: "Verily, we are returning to our Lord.
Surah (Chapter) al-A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:123-125

The chiefs from the court of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) were anxious because of the turn of events, where people had publicly defied his might. They thought that it may trigger a bigger revolt. Fir’aun (Pharaoh) assured them that he will unleash such an unforeseen terror upon Bani Israel (Children of Israel) that they would never ever dare to think about revolting against him. He decided to kill all males from Bani Israel (Children of Israel) and subjugate their women.

The chiefs of Fir‘aun’s (Pharaoh) people said: "Will you leave Mûsâ (Moses) and his people to spread mischief in the land, and to abandon you and your gods?" He said: "We will kill their sons, and let live their women, and we have indeed irresistible power over them.
Surah (Chapter) al- A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:127

This news scared everyone from Bani Israel (Children of Israel). Musa A (Moses) told them to be patient and asked them to seek help from Allah (God).

Mûsâ (Moses) said to his people: "Seek help in Allâh and be patient. Verily, the earth is Allâh’s. He gives it as a heritage to whom He wills of His slaves; and the (blessed) end is for the Muttaqûn.
Surah (Chapter) al- A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:128

People of Bani Israel (Children of Israel) were convinced that their problems had multiplied since Musa A (Moses) had returned to them.

They said: "We (Children of Israel) had suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us." He said: "It may be that your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you successors on the earth, so that He may see how you act?
Surah (Chapter) al- A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:129

It was a very difficult situation for Musa A (Moses). He had to face hostility from both sides, Fir’aun (Pharaoh) as well as Bani Israel (Children of Israel).

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) had also told his chiefs that he will kill Musa A (Moses) himself, though he was quite scared of him.

Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) said: "Leave me to kill Mûsâ (Moses), and let him call his Lord (to stop me from killing him)! I fear that he may change your religion, or that he may cause mischief to appear in the land!"
Surah (Chapter) Ghafir (The Forgiving) The Qur-an 40:26

Someone from the family of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) had become a believer and lent his support to Musa A (Moses) and tried to reason with him.

And a believing man of Fir‘aun’s (Pharaoh) family, who hid his faith said: "Would you kill a man because he says: My Lord is Allâh, and he has come to you with clear signs (proofs) from your Lord? And if he is a liar, upon him will be (the sin of) his lie; but if he is telling the truth, then some of that (calamity) wherewith he threatens you will befall on you." Verily, Allâh guides not one who is a Musrif (a polytheist, or a murderer who shed blood without a right, or those who commit great sins, oppressor, transgressor), a liar!
Surah (Chapter) Ghafir (The Forgiving) The Qur-an 40:28

There was another person who was increasing problems of Musa A (Moses).

Qarun (Korah) was an extremely rich person amongst Bani Israel (Children of Israel). He was a non-believer and felt proud about the fact.

Verily, Qârûn (Korah) was of Mûsâ’s (Moses) people, but he behaved arrogantly towards them. And We gave him of the treasures, that of which the keys would have been a burden to a body of strong men. Remember when his people said to him: "Do not exult (with riches, being ungrateful to Allâh). Verily Allâh likes not those who exult (with riches, being ungrateful to Allâh).
Surah (Chapter) al- A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:76

Musa A (Moses) repeatedly told him that he should be thankful to Allah (God) for bestowing that wealth upon him, and he should pay Zakah (Poor Due Charity) from his wealth. He made fun of the Messages being preached by Musa A (Moses). He was convinced that he amassed great fortunes because of his superior intelligence.

"But seek, with that (wealth) which Allâh has bestowed on you, the home of the Hereafter, and forget not your portion of lawful enjoyment in this world; and do good as Allâh has been good to you, and seek not mischief in the land. Verily, Allâh likes not the Mufsidûn (those who commit great crimes and sins, oppressors, tyrants, mischief-makers, corrupters)."

He said: "This has been given to me only because of the knowledge I possess." Did he not know that Allâh had destroyed before him generations, men who were stronger than him in might and greater in the amount (of riches) they had collected? But the Mujrimûn (criminals, disbelievers, polytheists, sinners) will not be questioned of their sins (because Allâh knows them well, so they will be punished without being called to account).
Surah (Chapter) al- A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:77-78

Qarun (Korah) continued with his disregard for the Laws of Allah (God) and the arrogant ways which impressed minds of many people from the Bani Israel (Children of Israel) who got convinced that he must be right because of his great wealth.

So he went forth before his people in his pomp. Those who were desirous of the life of the world, said: "Ah, would that we had the like of what Qârûn (Korah) has been given! Verily he is the owner of a great fortune.
Surah (Chapter) al- A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:79

Allah (God) punished Qarun (Korah) by eliminating him, his wealth and his palace at the same time because he was spreading mischief on His earth. That was a lesson for all.

So We caused the earth to swallow him and his dwelling place. Then he had no group or party to help him against Allâh, nor was he one of those who could save themselves.
Surah (Chapter) al- A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:81

Musa A (Moses) kept demanding from Fir’aun (Pharaoh) about the release of his people, Bani Israel (Children of Israel) to no avail. Musa A (Moses) also continued to warn Fir’aun (Pharaoh) about the wrath of Allah (God) that he is inviting.

Allah (God) sent drought to them, curtailed their crops but Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and his people did not believe in the Word of Allah (God). Allah (God) sent warnings after warnings to them but they did not care and continued on the path of disobedience by putting the blame of any calamity upon Musa A (Moses). Through these natural disasters Allah (God) reminded them to free the Bani Israel (Children of Israel).

They used to make promises but as soon as Allah (God) removed the calamity, they would go back on their word.

And indeed We punished the people of Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) with years of drought and shortness of fruits (crops), that they might remember (take heed).

But whenever good came to them, they said: "Ours is this." And if evil afflicted them, they ascribed it to evil omens connected with Mûsâ (Moses) and those with him. Be informed! Verily, their evil omens are with Allâh but most of them know not.

They said [to Mûsâ (Moses)]: "Whatever Ayât (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) you may bring to us, to work therewith your sorcery on us, we shall never believe in you."

So We sent on them: the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs, and the blood (as a succession of) manifest signs, yet they remained arrogant, and they were of those people who were Mujrimûn (criminals, polytheists, sinners).

And when the punishment fell on them they said: "O Mûsâ (Moses)! Invoke your Lord for us because of His Promise to you. If you remove the punishment from us, we indeed shall believe in you, and we shall let the Children of Israel go with you."

But when We removed the punishment from them to a fixed term, which they had to reach, behold! they broke their word!
Surah (Chapter) al- A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:130-135

Allah (God) kept sending his signs through natural disasters but Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and his people kept blaming Musa A (Moses) and his magic for it.

And not an Ayâh (sign, etc.) We showed them but it was greater than its fellow , and We seized them with torment, in order that they might turn [from their polytheism to Allâh’s religion (Islâmic Monotheism)].

And they said [to Mûsâ (Moses)]: "O you sorcerer! Invoke your Lord for us according to what He has covenanted with you. Verily, We shall guide ourselves (aright)."
Surah (Chapter) az-Zukhruf (The Gold Ornamaents) The Qur-an 43:48-49

Musa A (Moses) prayed to Allah (God) for punishing Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and his band for leading people away from Him. Allah (God) accepted their prayers and asked them to be patient.

And Mûsâ (Moses) said: "Our Lord! You have indeed bestowed on Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) and his chiefs splendour and wealth in the life of this world, our Lord! that they may lead men astray from Your Path. Our Lord! Destroy their wealth, and harden their hearts, so that they will not believe until they see the painful torment."

Allâh said: "Verily, the invocation of you both is accepted. So you both keep to the Straight Way (i.e. keep on doing good deeds and preaching Allâh’s Message with patience), and follow not the path of those who know not (the truth i.e. to believe in the Oneness of Allâh, and also to believe in the Reward of Allâh: Paradise)."
Surah (Chapter) Yunus (Jonah) The Qur-an 10:88-89

Finally, Fir’aun (Pharaoh) allowed Musa A (Moses) to take Bani Israel (Children of Israel) out of Egypt. Allah (God) commanded Musa A (Moses) to travel by night.

And We revealed to Mûsâ (Moses), saying: "Depart by night with My slaves, verily you will be pursued."
Surah (Chapter) ash-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:52

The morning after Musa A (Moses) and Bani Israel (Children of Israel) departed, Fir’aun (Pharaoh) changed his mind once again and decided to chase them with his army and kill them all. Soon Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and his army overtook Musa A (Moses) and his followers. They got scared, but Musa A (Moses) consoled them that Allah (God) was with them.

So they pursued them at sunrise.

And when the two hosts saw each other, the companions of Mûsâ (Moses) said: "We are sure to be overtaken."

[Mûsâ (Moses)] said: "Nay, verily with me is my Lord. He will guide me."

Then We revealed to Mûsâ (Moses) (saying): "Strike the sea with your stick." And it parted, and each separate part (of that sea water) became like huge mountain.

Then We brought near the others [Fir‘aun’s (Pharaoh) party] to that place.

And We saved Mûsâ (Moses) and all those with him.
Surah (Chapter) ash-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:60-65

Musa A (Moses) and Bani Israel (Children of Israel) were cornered by the army of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) by the sea and had no where to go. They anticipated sure death. But Musa A (Moses) was sure that Allah (God) will show the way, and He showed the way.

And when the two hosts saw each other, the companions of Mûsâ (Moses) said: "We are sure to be overtaken."

[Mûsâ (Moses)] said: "Nay, verily with me is my Lord. He will guide me."

Then We revealed to Mûsâ (Moses) (saying): "Strike the sea with your stick." And it parted, and each separate part (of that sea water) became like huge mountain.
Surah (Chapter) ash-Shu’ara” (The Poets) The Qur-an 26:61-63

Allah (God) caused that miracle to happen. When Musa A (Moses) struck the sea with his stick as commanded by Allah, it parted and a passage way appeared at its bottom allowing Musa A (Moses) and Bani Israel (Children of Israel) to pass safely.

Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and his army followed Musa A (Moses) and Bani Israel (Children of Israel) in that pathway caused by parting of the sea. When Fir’aun (Pharaoh) and his army were in the middle of that pathway, Allah (God) flattened the sea drowning all of them.
 

And We took the Children of Israel across the sea, and Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) with his hosts followed them in oppression and enmity, till when drowning overtook him, he said: "I believe that none has the right to be worshipped but He (Allâh) in Whom the Children of Israel believe, and I am one of the Muslims (those who submit to Allâh’s Will).

Surah (Chapter) Yunus (Jonah) The Qur-an 10:90
 

Allah (God) brought the dead body of Fir’aun (Pharaoh) back from sea for people to take lesson from.

Although Bani Israel (Children of Israel) began believing in the Sole Creator, Allah (God) under the influence of Musa A (Moses); they were, during their life in Egypt, submitting themselves to someone other than Allah (God), namely Fir’aun (Pharaoh). Concept of Tawhid (Oneness of God) was not very clear to them.

Soon after Musa A (Moses) rescued them from oppression, Bani Israel (Children of Israel) came across communities that were worshipping idols. They requested Musa A (Moses) to name a deity or an idol for them whom they can worship.

And We brought the Children of Israel (with safety) across the sea, and they came upon a people devoted to some of their idols (in worship). They said: "O Mûsâ (Moses)! Make for us an ilâh^[1] (a god) as they have âlihah (gods)." He said: "Verily, you are a people who know not (the Majesty and Greatness of Allâh and what is obligatory upon you, i.e. to worship none but Allâh Alone, the One and the Only God of all that exists)."

[Mûsâ (Moses) added:] "Verily, these people will be destroyed for that which they are engaged in (idols-worship). And all that they are doing is in vain."

He said: "Shall I seek for you an Ilâh (a god) other than Allâh, while He has given you superiority over the ‘Âlamîn (mankind and jinn of your time)."
 

And (remember) when We rescued you from Fir‘aun’s (Pharaoh) people, who were afflicting you with the worst torment, killing your sons and letting your women live. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.

Surah (Chapter) al-A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:138-141

Allah (God) had showered a multitude His favors upon Bani Israel (Children of Israel), but they were ungrateful people. Musa A (Moses) took them safely into lands distant from Egypt, they ran out of water. Allah (God) commanded Musa A (Moses) to strike a rock with his stick. Twelve springs of sweet water gushed out of that rock, one for each tribe of Bani Israel (Children of Israel).
 

And (remember) when Musa (Moses) asked for water for his people, We said: "Strike the stone with your stick." Then gushed forth therefrom twelve springs. Each (group of) people knew its own place for water. "Eat and drink of that which Allah has provided and do not act corruptly, making mischief on the earth.

Surah (Chapter) al-Baqarah (The Cow) The Qur-an 2:60

Allah (God) had shown unprecedented Mercy and Kindness to Bani Israel (Children of Israel). He gave them food without working for it. Allah (God) gave them Mann and Salva to eat, but the ungrateful people of Bani Israel (Children of Israel) did not like that either and complained to Musa A (Moses).
 

And (remember) when you said, "O Musa (Moses)! We cannot endure one kind of food. So invoke your Lord for us to bring forth for us of what the earth grows, its herbs, its cucumbers, its Fum (wheat or garlic), its lentils and its onions." He said, "Would you exchange that which is better for that which is lower? Go you down to any town and you shall find what you want!" And they were covered with humiliation and misery, and they drew on themselves the Wrath of Allah. That was because they used to disbelieve the Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of Allah and killed the Prophets wrongfully. That was because they disobeyed and used to transgress the bounds (in their disobedience to Allah, i.e. commit crimes and sins)."
Surah (Chapter) al-Baqarah (The Cow) The Qur-an 2:61

Musa A (Moses) tried to remind his people of the favors granted to them by Allah (God), which He had not bestowed to any other people.

And (remember) when Musa (Moses) said to his people: "O my people! Remember the Favour of Allah to you, when He made Prophets among you, made you kings, and gave you what He had not given to any other among the 'Alamin (mankind and jinns, in the past).

Surah (Chapter) al-Ma”idah (The Table Spread with Food) The Qur-an 5:20

Despite of being free from the clutches of Fir’aun (Pharaoh), people of Bani Israel (Children of Israel) still had the same mindset of cowardice. When Musa A (Moses) tried to lead them to the promised land of Filistin (Palestine), they were scared of moving into that area. They refused to obey the Command of Allah (God) and decided to wander aimlessly without choosing any direction.

O my people! Enter the holy land (Palestine) which Allah has assigned to you, and turn not back (in flight) for then you will be returned as losers.

They said: "O Musa (Moses)! In it (this holy land) are a people of great strength, and we shall never enter it, till they leave it; when they leave, then we will enter.

Two men of those who feared (Allah and) on whom Allah had bestowed His Grace [they were Yusha' (Joshua) and Kalab (Caleb)] said: "Assault them through the gate, for when you are in, victory will be yours, and put your trust in Allah if you are believers indeed.
 

They said: "O Musa (Moses)! We shall never enter it as long as they are there. So go you and your Lord and fight you two, we are sitting right here.

Surah (Chapter) al-Ma”idah (The Table Spread with Food) The Qur-an 5:2-24

 
With that aimless wandering, they returned to the same place where they had started from. Somehow they reached in the vicinity of Mount Sinai where Musa A (Moses) had spoken to Allah (God) for the first time. He prayed to Allah (God) for guidance in those troubling times. Allah (God) instructed to fast for purification. He had to go to Mount Sinai, where Allah (God) would give him the laws that would govern Bani Israel (Children of Israel).

Musa A (Moses) left his brother Harun A (Aaron) in his place to take care of Bani Israel (Children of Israel), and climbed the Mount Sinai to meet Allah (God).

And We appointed for Musa (Moses) thirty nights and added (to the period) ten (more), and he completed the term, appointed by his Lord, of forty nights. And Musa (Moses) said to his brother Harun (Aaron): "Replace me among my people, act in the Right Way (by ordering the people to obey Allah and to worship Him Alone) and follow not the way of the Mufsidun (mischief-makers).

And when Musa (Moses) came at the time and place appointed by Us, and his Lord spoke to him, he said: "O my Lord! Show me (Yourself), that I may look upon You." Allah said: "You cannot see Me, but look upon the mountain if it stands still in its place then you shall see Me." So when his Lord appeared to the mountain[], He made it collapse to dust, and Musa (Moses) fell down unconscious. Then when he recovered his senses he said: "Glory be to You, I turn to You in repentance and I am the first of the believers.

(Allah) said: "O Musa (Moses) I have chosen you above men by My Messages, and by My speaking (to you). So hold that which I have given you and be of the grateful.
 

And We wrote for him on the Tablets the lesson to be drawn from all things and the explanation for all things (and said): Hold unto these with firmness, and enjoin your people to take the better therein. I shall show you the home of Al-Fâsiqûn (the rebellious, disobedient to Allâh).
Surah (Chapter) al-A’raf (The Heights) The Qur-an 7:142-145

Scholars say that the Ten Commandments that Allah (God) gave to Musa A (Moses) are described in the following two Ayat (Verses).

Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم): "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited you from: Join not anything in worship with Him; be good and dutiful to your parents; kill not your children because of poverty - We provide sustenance for you and for them; come not near to Al-Fawâhish (shameful sins, illegal sexual intercourse) whether committed openly or secretly; and kill not anyone whom Allâh has forbidden, except for a just cause (according to Islâmic law). This He has commanded you that you may understand.
 

"And come not near to the orphan’s property, except to improve it, until he (or she) attains the age of full strength; and give full measure and full weight with justice. We burden not any person, but that which he can bear. And whenever you give your word (i.e. judge between men or give evidence), say the truth even if a near relative is concerned, and fulfil the Covenant of Allâh. This He commands you, that you may remember.

Surah (Chapter) al-An’am (The Table Spread with Food) The Qur-an 6:151-152

Musa A (Moses) went up the Mount Sinai for thirty days and Allah (God) extended his stay there by another ten days, but his people did not know that.

Samiri, an evil man, suggested to Bani Israel (Children of Israel) to find another guide, because Musa A (Moses) did not return on the promised day. He also suggested that since Musa A (Moses) and his God did not hold their promise, they needed another god.
 

Samiri asked them to do donate their gold jewelry. He dug up a hole in the ground and put all those jewels in it. He then built up a fire to melt down gold. He made a hollow golden calf from that jewelry. Wind passing through it made a peculiar sound which the people of Bani Israel (Children of Israel) took to be divine and many amongst them accepted that golden calf as their god.

Harun A (Aaron) the brother of Musa A (Moses), whom he had left to look after Bani Israel (Children of Israel), tried to warn them that Samiri and his followers were taking them on the wrong path. People with weak beliefs told him that they will stop worshipping the calf when Musa A (Moses) returns, but the true followers of Musa A (Moses) stayed away from idolatry.

They said: "We broke not the promise to you, of our own will, but we were made to carry the weight of the ornaments of the [Fir'aun's (Pharaoh)] people, then we cast them (into the fire), and that was what As-Samiri suggested.
 

Then he took out (of the fire) for them a statue of a calf which seemed to low. They said: "This is your ilah (god), and the ilah (god) of Musa (Moses), but [Musa (Moses)] has forgotten (his god).

Did they not see that it could not return them a word (for answer), and that it had no power either to harm them or to do them good?

And Harun (Aaron) indeed had said to them beforehand: "O my people! You are being tried in this, and verily, your Lord is (Allah) the Most Beneficent, so follow me and obey my order.
 

They said: "We will not stop worshipping it (i.e. the calf), until Musa (Moses) returns to us.

Surah (Chapter) Ta-Ha The Qur-an 20:87-91

Up on the mountain, Allah (God) told Musa A (Moses) about what happened to his people in his absence.

And what made you hasten from your people, O Musa (Moses)?
 

He said: "They are close on my footsteps, and I hastened to You, O my Lord, that You might be pleased."
 

Allah) said: "Verily! We have tried your people in your absence, and As-Samiri has led them astray."

Surah (Chapter) Ta-Ha The Qur-an 20:83-86

Musa A (Moses) was furious to see his people singing and dancing around the calf statue and worshipping it. In a rage, he threw the Tablet of the Law he was carrying for them.
 

Then Musa (Moses) returned to his people in a state of anger and sorrow. He said: "O my people! Did not your Lord promise you a fair promise? Did then the promise seem to you long in coming? Or did you desire that wrath should descend from your Lord on you, so you broke your promise to me (i.e disbelieving in Allah and worshipping the calf)?

Surah (Chapter) Ta-Ha The Qur-an 20:86

Musa A (Moses) also rebuked Harun A (Aaron) for not doing his job properly.
 

[Musa (Moses)] said: "O Harun (Aaron)! What stopped you when you saw them going astray;
 

That you followed me not (according to my advice to you)? Have you then disobeyed my order?
 

He [Harun (Aaron)] said: "O son of my mother! Seize (me) not by my beard, nor by my head! Verily, I feared lest you should say: 'You have caused a division among the Children of Israel, and you have not respected my word!

Surah (Chapter) Ta-Ha The Qur-an 20:92-94

Musa A (Moses) told his people from Bani Israel (Children of Israel) about the punishment they will get from Allah (Go) for their idolatry.
 

And (remember) when Musa (Moses) said to his people: "O my people! Verily, you have wronged yourselves by worshipping the calf. So turn in repentance to your Creator and kill yourselves (the innocent kill the wrongdoers among you), that will be better for you with your Lord." Then He accepted your repentance. Truly, He is the One Who accepts repentance, the Most Merciful.

Surah (Chapter) al-Baqarah (The Cow) The Qur-an 2:54

People from Bani Israel (Children of Israel) told Musa A (Moses) that they will believe him only if they see Allah (God) themselves.

And (remember) when you said: "O Musa (Moses)! We shall never believe in you till we see Allah plainly." But you were seized with a thunderbolt (lightning) while you were looking.

Surah (Chapter) al-Baqarah (The Cow) The Qur-an 2:55

Musa A (Moses) continued calling his people to the right path. Allah (God) commanded his to ask his people to slaughter a cow of a specific kind. They thought that Musa A (Moses) was making fun of them. They kept arguing with Musa A (Moses) when he gave the specifics about the sacrificial cow.

And (remember) when Musa (Moses) said to his people: "Verily, Allah commands you that you slaughter a cow." They said, "Do you make fun of us?" He said, "I take Allah's Refuge from being among Al-Jahilun (the ignorants or the foolish).

They said, "Call upon your Lord for us that He may make plain to us what it is!" He said, "He says, 'Verily, it is a cow neither too old nor too young, but (it is) between the two conditions', so do what you are commanded.

They said, "Call upon your Lord for us to make plain to us its colour." He said, "He says, 'It is a yellow cow, bright in its colour, pleasing to the beholders.'

They said, "Call upon your Lord for us to make plain to us what it is. Verily to us all cows are alike, And surely, if Allah wills, we will be guided.

He [Musa (Moses)] said, "He says, 'It is a cow neither trained to till the soil nor water the fields, sound, having no other colour except bright yellow.' " They said, "Now you have brought the truth." So they slaughtered it though they were near to not doing it.
 

And (remember) when you killed a man and fell into dispute among yourselves as to the crime. But Allah brought forth that which you were hiding.

Surah (Chapter) al-Baqarah (The Cow) The Qur-an 2:68-72

Allah (God) showed a miracle to those unbelievers.
 

So We said: "Strike him (the dead man) with a piece of it (the cow)." Thus Allah brings the dead to life and shows you His Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) so that you may understand.

Surah (Chapter) al-Baqarah (The Cow) The Qur-an 2:73

Bani Israel (Children of Israel) did not treat Musa A (Moses) well. He had to face mutiny, ignorance, and idolatry from them they inflicting personal harm on him. Allah (God) warned Muslims not to imitating their example by following the Messenger of Allah, Muhammad S to his exact words.

O you who believe! Be not like those who annoyed Musa (Moses), but Allah cleared him of that which they alleged, and he was honourable before Allah.

Surah (Chapter) al-Ahzab (The Confederates) The Qur-an 33:69